Nag : A horse, especially an old or feeble one. [OED]

Fresh water nymphs [OED]

Nailer: A maker of iron nails.

Of a person, intellect, etc.: restricted or rigid in views; narrow-minded, intolerant, prejudiced [OED]

Debt owing by a sovereign state to private individuals who have advanced money to it for the public needs [OED]

Debt owing by a sovereign state to private individuals who have advanced money to it for the public needs [OED]

Very, extremely. [OED]

A manual labourer working on a the construction of a canal (inland navigation) and later, by extension, one working as a manual labourer on the railway, roads, or other civil engineering project

Navigator: Manual labourer especially those working on canal, railway and road building 

Bodily; totally; altogether [OED]

The Roman god of the sea [CPB]

An island in the Bahamas

New Police:  The police force established for London by the Metropolitan Police Act 1829 and from 1835 onwards for individual boroughs and counties. They replaced the local watchmen and contables. 

A cap worn in bed or with nightclothes. [OED]       Right Ebenezer Scrooge, from Charles Dickens's A Christmas Carol wearing his night-shirt and nightcap. Illustration by John Leech.

 

 

Originally: a boy who assists a costermonger, carter, etc. Later (more generally): the most junior member of a group of workmen, esp. one employed in menial tasks

A small quantity of spirits, usually less than a glass; a small measure or sip of any (usually strong) drink, especially. one taken hurriedly or surreptitiously. [OED]

No one [A Glossary of Lancashire Dialect http://www.dunkerley-tuson.co.uk/Pages/LancashireDialectGlossary.aspx]

Head

Relating to or characteristic of people of some wealth or social distinction; very smart or elegant, fashionable[OED] and by extension, things of high quality [CPB]

nob: A person of some wealth or social distinction [OED]