'Halfpenny¹ Bridge' (Ha'penny bridge) was the local name for Stonehouse toll bridge connecting Plymouth with Devonport. The nickname derived from the halfpenny it cost for pedestrians to cross.

Reference:
Mosley, Brian - Old Devonport http://www.olddevonport.uk/Stonehouse%20Bridge.htm
(accessed 25Nov20)

A steamer called the Albion was built in 1820 for the Margate Steam Packet Company.
[Dix, Frank L. - Royal River Highway: A History of the passenger boats and services on the river Thames (London, David & Charles, 1985) p224]

 A landmark in the London borough of Islington. Historically a centre of business. The name is taken from the public house and hotel that stood there at various times.

Battersea is an area on the Thames in the south-west of London

Berkeley Square: A square in London. Home to some of the wealthiest people in Britain

Bilston:  a town in the Black Country between Birmingham and Wolverhampton

Bingley is about 40 miles (65 kilometres) north-west of Leeds. It was a centre of the woollen and worsted trade.

A town on the south eat coast of England. It was adopted as a leisure resort of Royalty during the late 18th century and was fashionable among the aristocracy. During the 19th century - thanks largely to frequent railway services -  it became a popular leisure resort among the middle and lower classes especially Londoners. It was sometimes called "London by the sea". 

Quayside area in the centre of Glasgow

A town in Cornwall. A centre of tin mining until the 20th century

Site of the Stock Exchange from December 1802 until 1854 http://www.londonstockexchange.com/about-the-exchange/company-overview/our-history/our-history.htm

Cobh (Corkº in English). It was known as Queenstown from 1849 until 1920. It was a major port of call for emigrant ships including the Atlantic and the Titanic

The Coromandel Coast is the southeastern coast region of the Indian subcontinent.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coromandel_Coast

A town in the midlands of England. Location of a large, famous railway junction often mentioned in poplar song

Location not identified. It is presumably somewhere on the Glasgow and South-western railway line.

The main port for vessels engaged in the transport of goods and people between England and France

The first of three ships called Eclipse was built in 1816 and was in service for the Margate Steam Packet company until 1823
[ref Dix, F Royal river Highway, A history of the passenger boats and services on the river Thames.p 237and 247].

An affluent suburb of Birmingham

Elliot Junction station lay on the east coast of Scotland about one mile south of Arbroath, on the line from Dundee to Aberdeen. It closed in 1929

Reference: Historical Triumphs and Disasters website. The Elliot Junction rail crash, 1906
http://historicaltriumphsanddisasters.blogspot.com/2016/12/the-elliot-junction-rail-crash-1906.html (accessed 14Nov20)

On the mouth of the river Fal - The Falmouth Packet Service operated ships out of Falmouth for over 160 years between 1689 and 1851. Its purpose was to carry mail to and from Britain's growing empire. 

Reference:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falmouth,_Cornwall (accessed 25May21)