Song Notes

[Note 090.1] The song links ballad singing to criminality. A frequent accusation of the time and not without basis in fact.

[Note 090.2] The busy railway station was a natural place for prostitutes to seek customers. This is a variant of an older song set beside the Thames (Roud 3457). It moves the action to a railway station just as prostitutes moved with their customers from river boats to railway trains.

[Note 090.3] "And for the same ballad I paid one halfpenny":- about 25p at 2016 prices
[Ref: Bank of England Inflation Calculator http://bankofengland.education/inflationcalculator/]

[Note 090.4] "There is a chap here in blue and he is a-watching of me":- Venereal disease was a growing public health problem during the mid-19th century. In an attempt to control the epidemic, Parliament passed the first of a series of Contagious Disease Acts in 1864 leading to rigorous policing of prostitution.
[Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contagious_Diseases_Acts]

[Note 090.5] "Five shillings in lobsters and oysters I spent":- about £30 at 2016 prices
[Ref: Bank of England Inflation Calculator http://bankofengland.education/inflationcalculator/]

[Note 090.6] The phrase "pop goes the weasel" is usually taken to refer to "popping" or pawning clothes. Perhaps the robber is taking the coat with the intention of pawning it.  Edward Royle writes that in 1830 there were "between 500 and 600 unlicensed pawnbrokers [in London, plus] 342 legitimate traders".
[Royle, Edward. <I>Modern Britain: A Social History 1750-2011</I>, p222]

[Note 090.7] "I had no shirt on to cover my thighs":- The general opinion among fashion historians is that before 1850 men have used the long tails of their shirts in the role of underpants. This would almost certainly the case when Roud 3457, from which this song is derived - was written.

[Note 201.1] Annie Adams was not noted for her good looks and the cover of the song sheet in the British Library is a fair portrait of her. Johnny the Engine Driver was one of her most popular songs [Ref: Baker, R.A.; British Music Hall, an Illustrated History, pp86-87]

The driver's uniform is very similar to that shown in The Driver of 1852 (see T020) and is probably rendered truthfully.

Although it is a light-hearted piece, it conforms to the heroic view of the engine driver prevelent at the time.

[Note 201.2] "And he is to be mine":-

[Note 201.3] "I long to see my love Come back again all right":- The frequency of accidents at this time gave substance to the heroine's concern.

[Note 662.1] 

This, the legend at the foot of the image tells us, is ‘THE WARPING AND WINDING ROOM HANOVER ST MILL’ The chap on the left in the top-hat is called ‘THE MASTER’ and he says: ‘I am quizzing you, my beauties’. The fellow in green is ‘THE OVERLOOKER’, and is saying (presumably to the little boy in red who’s shinned up the loom): ‘I say you young devil come down you are sure to be kilt’. And the red-haired woman is saying: ‘Sure a now the devils skure to yes Mike come down wid yes’.
662
https://rhulvictorian.wordpress.com/2009/10/29/hard-times-2-preston-lock-out/

[Note 661.2] The youngest children in the textile factories were usually employed as scavengers and piecers. Piecers had to lean over the spinning-machine to repair the broken threads. One observer wrote: "The work of the children, in many instances, is reaching over to piece the threads that break; they have so many that they have to mind and they have only so much time to piece these threads because they have to reach while the wheel is coming out."

Illustration of scavengers and piecers at work that appeared in
Edward Baines' book The History of Cotton Manufacture (1835)

Spartacus Educational http://spartacus-educational.com/IRpiecers.htm

[Note 668.1] The broadside names the air as "Cork Leg". Given the nature of that melody and the length of the piece It seems likely that the printer just put down the first tune that came into his head. Knott Mill Fair is a dialect piece much more suited to recitation.

[Note 668.2] "Fair Ashton faded from our view";- The station, Ashton,station opened on 13 April 1846. It was later renamed Ashton Under Lyne [Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton-under-Lyne_railway_station]

[Note 668.3] Soon brother Jack came from his work,":- Jack is working on a Bank Holiday

[Note 668.4] "He'd go with me to Knott Mill Fair". The fair was abolished in 1876. It took place near the current Deansgate Station which was then called Knott Mill and Deansgate. That station opened in 1849. (see Note 668.5) .[Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deansgate_railway_station]

[Note 668.5] We call'd at Admiral Collingwood.":- Seemingly the narrator arrived at Manchester Store Street (now Piccadilly) that opened in 1842. The Admiral Collingwood stood on Fleet Street which connected Deansgate with Lower Mosley Street and would have been on the route from Store Street to Knott Mill. Fleet Street was destroyed by the construction of Manchester Central Station in 1875
[[Pubs of Manchester http://pubs-of-manchester.blogspot.co.uk/2010/07/admiral-collingwood-fleet-street.html]
Manchester Store Street (now Piccadilly) was brought into use in 1842 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheffield,_Ashton-under-Lyne_and_Manchester_Railway

[Note 668.6] "First Wombwell with his brazen band":- George Wombwell (1777 - 1850) Founded Wombwell's Travelling Menagerie
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Wombwell]

[Note 668.7] "The living wonders are inside. There wax-works figures catch the eye":- The waxwork display together with the freak show was perhaps the most continually popular travelling type of exhibition in the nineteenth century. The shows worked on the principal of exhibiting celebrities, items of anatomical interest and, of course, the chamber of horrors
[Ref: National Fairground and Circus Archive https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/nfca/researchandarticles/waxworkandtableauxvivants]

[Note 668.8] "At what is called the Trumpet Inn":- The Old Trumpet Inn is in Bridgwater Street, not far from Knott Mill and on route back to Store Street.
[Pubs of Manchester http://pubs-of-manchester.blogspot.co.uk/search?q=trumpet]

[Note 668.9] "Now twirl about was all the go, My pockets filled to overflow, My luck was good I won each time" :- It seems that "twirl about" was a game of some sort seemingly played with nuts.

[Note 668.10] "And off to Islington did go":- Islington Mill is to the north east of Piccadilly (then Store Street)

[Note 668.11] "Then to Luck's Hall we straightway went" The Lucks All stood on the corner of Gray Street which was off Carruthers Street and Mill Street in what is now called New Islington.
[Pubs of Manchester http://pubs-of-manchester.blogspot.co.uk/search?q=luck]

[Note 668.12] "I praised the Anti corn-Law League":- The Anti-Corn-Law League aimed at the abolition of the unpopular Corn Laws, which protected landowners' interests by levying taxes on imported wheat, thus raising the price of bread at a time when factory-owners were trying to cut wages. The corn laws were repealed in 1846.

[Note 668.13] "And when in Peter Street I call, I'll s**t upon the Free Trade Hall":- The Anti-Corn Law League built a temporary timber pavilion in 1840 to hold large public meetings because the other spaces in Manchester were not big enough. Its brick replacement was built in 1842. The current building was opened in 1856.
[Manchester Libraries Information and Archives http://www.archivesplus.org/history/anti-corn-law-league/]
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_Trade_Hall]


A poster advertising an ACLL Bazaar to be held at Free Trade Hall in Manchester on Oct. 15th (probably 1845). Supporters would donate goods which would be sold to make money for the ACLL. The League also had their own merchandise for sale such as buttons, badges, envelopes, books, and perhaps even china wear like plates and figurines.
Online Library of Liberty http://oll.libertyfund.org/pages/cobden-and-the-anti-corn-law-league


Burk oed gives berk To clot, make matted

Churl(1) Used as a term of disparagement or contempt; rude low-bred fellow.

Crambo The OED gives Crambo A game in which one player gives a word or line of verse to which each of the others has to find a rhyme and Rhyme, rhyming: said in contempt
The Dictionary of Scots Language says that crambo menas doggerel and the word is sometimes compounded with -clink, -jingle, -jink


Date of song. Earliest date 1846 - Ashton station opened
Latest Date 1847. The Corn Laws were repealed in June 1846 and the Anti Corn-Law League dissolved itself. But narrator says last Easter Monday implying some elapse of time before the song was written. The disputes over the Corn Laws would be fresh in the public memory

 

The Lancashire and & Yorkshire Railway amalgamated with the London and North Western Railway in 1922

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